| Appendix A. COMBINED AVIAN SPECIES LIST FROM ALL THREE SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS. Combined Avian Species List from All Three Reviews. This table combines the species lists generated by each systematic review in our study. The birds in this list are those species that are tree-nesting species or species associated with trees. The Breeding Review columns show which species will breed in late or early successional forest fragments as well as which species are Interior-Forest Specialists (birds that do not breed in forest fragments). The Stopover Review column lists which species were observed small forest fragments by studies conducted during the spring and fall migration seasons. The Built Environment Review columns show which species were observed within residential areas and gives the season of the observation. The Synanthropic Review columns show which species are synanthropic (urban-adapted species commonly found within the built matrix). Species are listed alphabetically by taxa and common name. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Species | Natural History | Breeding Review | Stopover Review | Built Environment Review | Synanthropy Analysis | Overall Comparisons10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name | Scientific Name | Order | Locality1 | IUCN CODE2 | Habitat Type3 | Migrant Status4 | Breeds in Late-Successional Forest5 | Breeds in Early-Successional Forest6 | Confidence in Interior-Forest Specialist Assignment7 | Total no. of Studies That Observed Species in Small Forest Fragments during Migration Seasons | No. of Studies That Observed Species in the Built Environment during the Breeding Season | No. of Studies That Observed Species in the Built Environment during the Spring or Fall Migration Seasons | No. of Studies that Observed Species (Built Env.) during Breed-Migration8 | Confidence in Synanthropic Species Assignment9 | Breeds in Forest Fragment | Stopover in Forest Fragment | Breeds in Residential Area | Stopover in Residential Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allen's Hummingbird | Selasphorus sasin | Apodiformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Anna's Hummingbird | Calypte anna | Apodiformes | W | LC | OW | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 3 | High (3/3) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-chinned Hummingbird | Archilochus alexandri | Apodiformes | W | LC | OW | MD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | (1/1) | ? | ü* | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Broad-billed Hummingbird | Cynanthus latirostris | Apodiformes | W | LC | SC | SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calliope Hummingbird | Selasphorus calliope | Apodiformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Costa's Hummingbird | Calypte costae | Apodiformes | W | LC | D | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | -- | ? | ? | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ruby-throated Hummingbird | Archilochus colubris | Apodiformes | E | LC | OW | MD/ LD | yes | yes | (1/2) | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | (1/1) | ü* | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rufous Hummingbird | Selasphorus rufus | Apodiformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 1 | 1 | (2/2) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Ground-dove | Columbina passerina | Columbiformes | E/ W | LC | SC | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eurasian Collared-dove | Streptopelia decaocto | Columbiformes | E/ W | LC | T | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Inca Dove | Columbina inca | Columbiformes | W | LC | T | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 3 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mourning Dove | Zenaida macroura | Columbiformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ LD | yes | yes | (0/2) | 3 | 8 | 0 | 3 | High (3/3) | ü* | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Band-tailed Pigeon | Patagioenas fasciata | Columbiformes | W | LC | F | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 0 | (2/2) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White-winged Dove | Zenaida asiatica | Columbiformes | W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü* | ü* | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-billed Cuckoo | Coccyzus erythropthalmus | Cuculiformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (1/2) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-billed Cuckoo | Coccyzus americanus | Cuculiformes | E | LC | OW | LD | yes | yes | Low (1/4) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -- | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abert's Towhee | Melozone aberti | Passeriformes | W | LC | D | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acadian Flycatcher | Empidonax virescens | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (6/6) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Crow | Corvus brachyrhynchos | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | yes | yes | Low (1/3) | -- | 7 | 1 | 1 | High (4/4) | ü | ü* | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Dusky Flycatcher | Empidonax oberholseri | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Goldfinch | Carduelis tristis | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | no | yes | (0/2) | 3 | 7 | 1 | 1 | Med (2/3) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Redstart | Setophaga ruticilla | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | yes | no | Med (2/3) | 12 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -- | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Robin | Turdus migratorius | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | yes | yes | No (0/5) | 2 | 8 | 0 | 2 | Low (1/3) | ü* | ü* | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Treecreeper | Certhia americana | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ SD | yes | no | (0/1) | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | (0/2) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ash-throated Flycatcher | Myiarchus cinerascens | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | (0/2) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Baltimore Oriole | Icterus galbula | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | MD/ LD | yes | yes | Low (1/3) | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -- | ü | ü | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Barn Swallow | Hirundo rustica | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | T | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 1 | (1/1) | ü | ü* | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bay-breasted Warbler | Dendroica castanea | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bell's Vireo | Vireo bellii | Passeriformes | E/ W | NT | SC | MD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bendire's Thrasher | Toxostoma bendirei | Passeriformes | W | VU | D | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bewick's Wren | Thryomanes bewickii | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 1 | 3 | Med (2/3) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black Phoebe | Sayornis nigricans | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | yes | yes | (0/1) | -- | -- | -- | 1 | (2/2) | ü | ü | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-and-white Warbler | Mniotilta varia | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | YR/ SD/ LD | yes | no | High (3/3) | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blackburnian Warbler | Dendroica fusca | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 7 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-capped Chickadee | Parus atricapillus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ IR | yes | yes | No (0/3) | 3 | 5 | 1 | 0 | (2/2) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-headed Grosbeak | Pheucticus melanocephalus | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | MD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | Med (2/3) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blackpoll Warbler | Dendroica striata | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 11 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-tailed Gnatcatcher | Polioptila melanura | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-throated Blue Warbler | Dendroica caerulescens | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (2/2) | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-throated Green Warbler | Dendroica virens | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (1/2) | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-throated Grey Warbler | Dendroica nigrescens | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 1 | No (0/2) | ü* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-throated Sparrow | Amphispiza bilineata | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Black-whiskered Vireo | Vireo altiloquus | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blue Grosbeak | Passerina caerulea | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blue Jay | Cyanocitta cristata | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | YR/ SD | yes | yes | No (0/3) | 4 | 5 | 1 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blue-grey Gnatcatcher | Polioptila caerulea | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ LD | yes | no | High (4/4) | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | (0/1) | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blue-headed Vireo | Vireo solitarius | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 7 | 0 | 2 | 1 | -- | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Blue-winged Warbler | Vermivora cyanoptera | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | LD | no | yes | (0/1) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boat-tailed Grackle | Quiscalus major | Passeriformes | E | LC | MSW | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brewer's Blackbird | Euphagus cyanocephalus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | T | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brewer's Sparrow | Spizella breweri | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 2 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bronzed Cowbird | Molothrus aeneus | Passeriformes | W | LC | T | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brown Thrasher | Toxostoma rufum | Passeriformes | E | LC | SC | YR/ SD | no | no | (1/1) | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | ü | ü* | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brown-headed Cowbird | Molothrus ater | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | FE | YR/ SD | yes | yes | No (0/3) | 5 | 9 | 0 | 3 | High (4/4) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brown-headed Nuthatch | Sitta pusilla | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bullock's Oriole | Icterus bullockii | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | MD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | (1/2) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bushtit | Psaltriparus minimus | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 1 | 2 | High (3/3) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cactus Wren | Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus | Passeriformes | W | LC | D | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 3 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| California Thrasher | Toxostoma redivivum | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| California Towhee | Melozone crissalis | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | (1/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada Warbler | Wilsonia canadensis | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (2/2) | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canyon Towhee | Melozone fuscus | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cape May Warbler | Dendroica tigrina | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carolina Chickadee | Parus carolinensis | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | YR | yes | yes | (0/1) | -- | 4 | 0 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carolina Wren | Thryothorus ludovicianus | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | YR | yes | yes | (1/2) | -- | 3 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cassin's Finch | Carpodacus cassinii | Passeriformes | W | NT | F | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cassin's Kingbird | Tyrannus vociferans | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cassin's Vireo | Vireo cassinii | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 0 | (2/2) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cedar Waxwing | Bombycilla cedrorum | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD/ LD | yes | yes | (0/2) | 5 | 6 | 1 | 0 | (2/2) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cerulean Warbler | Dendroica cerulea | Passeriformes | E | VU | F | LD | yes | no | High (4/4) | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | X | ? | X* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chestnut-backed Chickadee | Parus rufescens | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | (0/2) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chestnut-sided Warbler | Dendroica pensylvanica | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | LD | yes | yes | (1/2) | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chipping Sparrow | Spizella passerina | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | no | no | (0/1) | 2 | 7 | 0 | 1 | -- | ü | ü | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clark's Nutcracker | Nucifraga columbiana | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clay-coloured Sparrow | Spizella pallida | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | MD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Grackle | Quiscalus quiscula | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | yes | yes | No (0/3) | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü* | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Raven | Corvus corax | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | MTW | YR | yes | yes | (0/1) | -- | 1 | 0 | 3 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Starling | Sturnus vulgaris | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | T | YR/ SD | yes | yes | No (0/4) | 1 | 8 | 0 | 2 | High (4/4) | ü | ü* | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Yellowthroat | Geothlypis trichas | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | YR/ LD | no | yes | (0/2) | 8 | 3 | 1 | 2 | (1/2) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Connecticut Warbler | Oporornis agilis | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (1/1) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Curve-billed Thrasher | Toxostoma curvirostre | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dark-eyed Junco | Junco hyemalis | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | (0/2) | ? | ü | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dickcissel | Spiza americana | Passeriformes | E | LC | FE | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eastern Bluebird | Sialia sialis | Passeriformes | E | LC | FE | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eastern Kingbird | Tyrannus tyrannus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | FE | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 2 | 0 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eastern Phoebe | Sayornis phoebe | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | YR/ SD/ MD | -- | -- | -- | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | (1/1) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eastern Towhee | Pipilo erythrophthalmus | Passeriformes | E | LC | SC | YR/ SD | yes | yes | (0/2) | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eastern Wood-pewee | Contopus virens | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | yes | No (0/5) | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | ü | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Evening Grosbeak | Coccothraustes vespertinus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/IR | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (1/1) | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Field Sparrow | Spizella pusilla | Passeriformes | E | LC | SC | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | (1/2) | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fish Crow | Corvus ossifragus | Passeriformes | E | LC | SL | YR/ SD | yes | yes | (0/1) | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fox Sparrow | Passerella iliaca | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ SD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Golden-crowned Kinglet | Regulus satrapa | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Golden-winged Warbler | Vermivora chrysoptera | Passeriformes | E | NT | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Great Crested Flycatcher | Myiarchus crinitus | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | MD/ LD | yes | yes | Low (1/7) | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | (0/1) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Great-tailed Grackle | Quiscalus mexicanus | Passeriformes | W | LC | T | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 1 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Green-tailed Towhee | Pipilo chlorurus | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR/ SD/ MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grey Catbird | Dumetella carolinensis | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | YR/ MD | yes | yes | (0/2) | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grey Flycatcher | Empidonax wrightii | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grey Jay | Perisoreus canadensis | Passeriformes | E/W | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | (0/1) | -- | -- | -- | -- | (1/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grey Kingbird | Tyrannus dominicensis | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grey-cheeked Thrush | Catharus minimus | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hammond's Flycatcher | Empidonax hammondii | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Harris's Sparrow | Zonotrichia querula | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | MD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hermit Thrush | Catharus guttatus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hermit Warbler | Dendroica occidentalis | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hooded Oriole | Icterus cucullatus | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hooded Warbler | Wilsonia citrina | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | Med (2/3) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | (0/1) | X | ? | X* | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| House Finch | Carpodacus mexicanus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | T | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 10 | 0 | 3 | High (4/4) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| House Sparrow | Passer domesticus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | T | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 9 | 0 | 1 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| House Wren | Troglodytes aedon | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD/ MD | yes | yes | (0/2) | 3 | 6 | 0 | 2 | (2/2) | ü* | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hutton's Vireo | Vireo huttoni | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 1 | No (0/3) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indigo Bunting | Passerina cyanea | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | LD | yes | yes | No (0/4) | 7 | 5 | 2 | 0 | No (0/1) | ü | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kentucky Warbler | Oporornis formosus | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (3/4) | -- | 1 | 2 | 0 | -- | X | ü* | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lark Sparrow | Chondestes grammacus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | FE | MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 2 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lazuli Bunting | Passerina amoena | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | (1/1) | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Le Conte's Thrasher | Toxostoma lecontei | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Least Flycatcher | Empidonax minimus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | yes | yes | (1/1) | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lesser Goldfinch | Carduelis psaltria | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 3 | (1/2) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lincoln's Sparrow | Melospiza lincolnii | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | LD | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loggerhead Shrike | Lanius ludovicianus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Louisiana Waterthrush | Parkesia motacilla | Passeriformes | E | LC | RF | LD | yes | no | (2/2) | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lucy's Warbler | Vermivora luciae | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MacGillivray's Warbler | Oporornis tolmiei | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 1 | 1 | (2/2) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnolia Warbler | Dendroica magnolia | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (0/1) | 12 | 0 | 2 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marsh Wren | Cistothorus palustris | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | MSW | YR/MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mountain Chickadee | Parus gambeli | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mourning Warbler | Oporornis philadelphia | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (1/1) | 6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nashville Warbler | Vermivora ruficapilla | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Cardinal | Cardinalis cardinalis | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | YR | yes | yes | No (0/5) | -- | 9 | 1 | 2 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Mockingbird | Mimus polyglottos | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | T | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 6 | 1 | 3 | (2/2) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Parula | Parula americana | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (4/4) | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | X | ü | X* | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Waterthrush | Parkesia noveboracensis | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (3/3) | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | X | ü | X* | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| North-western Crow | Corvus caurinus | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oak Titmouse | Baeolophus inornatus | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Olive-sided Flycatcher | Contopus cooperi | Passeriformes | E/ W | NT | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | (2/2) | ü* | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Orange-crowned Warbler | Vermivora celata | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | MD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | (2/2) | ü* | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Orchard Oriole | Icterus spurius | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ovenbird | Seiurus aurocapilla | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (6/6) | 11 | 3 | 2 | 0 | -- | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pacific-slope Flycatcher | Empidonax difficilis | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | No (0/3) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Painted Bunting | Passerina ciris | Passeriformes | E/W | NT | SC | MD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Palm Warbler | Dendroica palmarum | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Phainopepla | Phainopepla nitens | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | MD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 2 | 0 | 3 | -- | ü* | ü* | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Philadelphia Vireo | Vireo philadelphicus | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pine Grosbeak | Pinicola enucleator | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | (1/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pine Siskin | Carduelis pinus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/IR | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | (1/1) | ü* | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pine Warbler | Dendroica pinus | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | MD | yes | -- | (1/2) | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | (0/1) | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prairie Warbler | Dendroica discolor | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | MD | yes | yes | (0/1) | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | ü* | ü | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prothonotary Warbler | Protonotaria citrea | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (0/1) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purple Finch | Carpodacus purpureus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | (2/2) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purple Martin | Progne subis | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | LPF/T | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pygmy Nuthatch | Sitta pygmaea | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pyrrhuloxia | Cardinalis sinuatus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Red Crossbill | Loxia curvirostra | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 1 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Red-breasted Nuthatch | Sitta canadensis | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ SD/ IR | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | (0/2) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Red-eyed Vireo | Vireo olivaceus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | yes | no | Med (4/7) | 11 | 4 | 2 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Red-winged Blackbird | Agelaius phoeniceus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | MSW | YR/ SD | yes | yes | No (0/4) | 2 | 7 | 0 | 2 | (2/2) | ü | ü | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rose-breasted Grosbeak | Pheucticus ludovicianus | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (3/4) | 7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -- | X | ü | X* | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ruby-crowned Kinglet | Regulus calendula | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | 8 | 0 | 1 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rufous-crowned Sparrow | Aimophila ruficeps | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rufous-winged Sparrow | Peucaea carpalis | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sage Thrasher | Oreoscoptes montanus | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sagebrush Sparrow | Artemisiospiza nevadensis | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scarlet Tanager | Piranga olivacea | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (7/7) | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Song Sparrow | Melospiza melodia | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ MD | yes | yes | (0/1) | 2 | 8 | 0 | 2 | High (3/4) | ü | ü* | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spotted Towhee | Pipilo maculatus | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 1 | 0 | (0/3) | ? | ? | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Steller's Jay | Cyanocitta stelleri | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | (0/2) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summer Tanager | Piranga rubra | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | LD | yes | no | (2/2) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | No (0/1) | ? | ü | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swainson's Thrush | Catharus ustulatus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | no | no | (1/1) | 10 | -- | -- | -- | No (0/2) | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swainson's Warbler | Limnothlypis swainsonii | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | MD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swamp Sparrow | Melospiza georgiana | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | MSW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tennessee Warbler | Vermivora peregrina | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Townsend's Solitaire | Myadestes townsendi | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Townsend's Warbler | Dendroica townsendi | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tree Swallow | Tachycineta bicolor | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | LPF | LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tropical Kingbird | Tyrannus melancholicus | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tufted Titmouse | Baeolophus bicolor | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | YR | yes | yes | Low (1/5) | -- | 4 | 1 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Varied Thrush | Zoothera naevia | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Veery | Catharus fuscescens | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | yes | no | High (4/4) | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | -- | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Verdin | Auriparus flaviceps | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Violet-green Swallow | Tachycineta thalassina | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 1 | (2/2) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warbling Vireo | Vireo gilvus | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | MD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 | (2/2) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Bluebird | Sialia mexicana | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | YR/MD | -- | -- | (0/1) | -- | 0 | 0 | 0 | (0/1) | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Kingbird | Tyrannus verticalis | Passeriformes | W | LC | FE | MD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | No (0/1) | ü* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Scrub-jay | Aphelocoma californica | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | yes | yes | (0/1) | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | (2/2) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Tanager | Piranga ludoviciana | Passeriformes | W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 1 | 1 | (0/2) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Wood-pewee | Contopus sordidulus | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 1 | 1 | (2/2) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White-breasted Nuthatch | Sitta carolinensis | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR | yes | no | Med (2/3) | -- | 7 | 1 | 1 | Med (2/3) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White-crowned Sparrow | Zonotrichia leucophrys | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | YR/ MD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | (1/1) | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White-eyed Vireo | Vireo griseus | Passeriformes | E | LC | SC | MD | yes | yes | (0/2) | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | (0/1) | ? | ü | ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White-throated Sparrow | Zonotrichia albicollis | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | SD/ MD | yes | yes | (0/1) | 3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White-winged Crossbill | Loxia leucoptera | Passeriformes | W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Willow Flycatcher | Empidonax traillii | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | MSW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wilson's Warbler | Wilsonia pusilla | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | LD | -- | -- | -- | 8 | 3 | 1 | 2 | No (0/3) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Winter Wren | Troglodytes troglodytes | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | LD | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | (0/2) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wood Thrush | Hylocichla mustelina | Passeriformes | E | NT | F | LD | yes | no | Med (5/8) | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Worm-eating Warbler | Helmitheros vermivorum | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (2/2) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wrentit | Chamaea fasciata | Passeriformes | W | LC | SC | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow Warbler | Dendroica petechia | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | OW | LD | -- | -- | -- | 7 | 6 | 2 | 2 | (1/2) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-bellied Flycatcher | Empidonax flaviventris | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | YR/ SD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-breasted Chat | Icteria virens | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | SC | LD | yes | yes | (0/2) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-rumped Warbler | Dendroica coronata | Passeriformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR/ SD/ LD | -- | -- | -- | 11 | 2 | 0 | 1 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-throated Vireo | Vireo flavifrons | Passeriformes | E | LC | OW | LD | yes | no | High (3/4) | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | X | ü | X* | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-throated Warbler | Dendroica dominica | Passeriformes | E | LC | F | LD | yes | no | (1/2) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -- | ? | ü | ? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acorn Woodpecker | Melanerpes formicivorus | Piciformes | W | LC | OW | YR | yes | yes | (0/1) | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | High (4/4) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Downy Woodpecker | Dryobates pubescens | Piciformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR | yes | no | No (0/3) | -- | 8 | 2 | 1 | Low (1/4) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gila Woodpecker | Melanerpes uropygialis | Piciformes | W | LC | D | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gilded Flicker | Colaptes chrysoides | Piciformes | W | LC | D | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hairy Woodpecker | Leuconotopicus villosus | Piciformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR | yes | no | High (4/4) | -- | 7 | 1 | 0 | Low (1/3) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ladder-backed Woodpecker | Dryobates scalaris | Piciformes | W | LC | D | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 2 | -- | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nuttall's Woodpecker | Dryobates nuttallii | Piciformes | W | LC | OW | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | 0 | 1 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pileated Woodpecker | Hylatomus pileatus | Piciformes | E/ W | LC | F | YR | yes | no | High (3/3) | -- | 2 | 0 | 0 | (0/2) | X | X* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Red-bellied Woodpecker | Melanerpes carolinus | Piciformes | E | LC | F | YR | yes | no | Med (3/5) | -- | 6 | 1 | 0 | (1/1) | ü | ü | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Red-breasted Sapsucker | Sphyrapicus ruber | Piciformes | W | LC | F | MD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | (0/1) | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Red-headed Woodpecker | Melanerpes erythrocephalus | Piciformes | E | NT | OW | YR/ SD | yes | no | (0/1) | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | (0/1) | ü* | ü* | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White-headed Woodpecker | Leuconotopicus albolarvatus | Piciformes | W | LC | F | YR | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Williamson's Sapsucker | Sphyrapicus thyroideus | Piciformes | W | LC | F | YR/ SD | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- | ? | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-bellied Sapsucker | Sphyrapicus varius | Piciformes | E/ W | LC | F | MD/ LD | yes | no | (0/1) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | -- | ü | ? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yellow-shafted Flicker | Colaptes auratus | Piciformes | E/ W | LC | OW | YR/ SD | yes | yes | (0/1) | 4 | 10 | 1 | 1 | High (3/4) | ü* | ü | ü | ü* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Locality (Regional Occurrence): East (E) = Occurs east of the 100th meridian, West (W) = occurs west of the 100th meridian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) identifies the conservation status of species all over the world. Least Concern (LC) represents species that have the lowest risk of becoming endangered in the wild. Near Threatened (NT) represents species that are likely to become threatened in the near future (e.g. due to increasing trends in habitat loss). Vulnerable (VU) represents species that are at high risk of becoming endangered in the wild (due to current and ongoing threats). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Habitat Types: Forest (F) = mature, forest fragments; Open woodland (OW) = disturbed or regrowing forest; Scrub (SC) = dense shrubbery, including abandoned farm fields, clearcuts, powerline corridors, fencerows, forest edges and openings, swamps, and edges of streams and ponds; Marsh woods (MSW) = various wetlands, including freshwater and tidal marshes, bogs, meadows, and swamps; Mountain Woods (MTW) = mountain forests; Forest edge (FE) = disturbed habitat, similar to early successional forest, at the edge of a forest; Riparian forest (RF) = forest buffer along a river or waterway; Lake/Pond Forest (LPF) = forest surrounding a body of water; [Allaboutbirds.org, Cornell Bird Lab]. Note that if a species is not an interior forest specialist and it breeds in mature forest, that means it would either breed along edges of forest and/or in small forest patches. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Migrant Statuses: LD = Long distance migration, typically birds breed during the summer in the U.S. and Canada and they migrate south to spend the winter months in Mexico, Caribbean islands, Central America, and South America; MD = medium-distance, typically birds move south of their breeding range but still within the U.S.; SD = short-distance, typically birds move within their breeding range; YR = year-round resident; IR = irregular/irruptive migrant [Allaboutbirds.org, Cornell Bird Lab] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Late-Successional Forest = late successional forests where most of the trees that form the canopy are over 30 ft. tall, including both relatively young forests with trees 15 – 50 years old and mature forests with trees 50+ years or older. This indicates the most likely breeding habitat, but is not an indication of likelihood of breeding in small patches. For example, if interior forest specialist confidence is “high” and a “yes” for breeding in mature forest, then this species only breeds successfully in large mature forest patches (> 50 ha). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 Early-Successional Forest = Composed primarily of shrubs (with some scattering of trees and grassland patches) and/or very young planted pine saplings and pioneer species such as black cherry (Prunus sp.). Trees are generally 0-15 years old and tree height is typically less than 30 ft. 6 For example, if interior forest specialist confidence is “high” and a “yes” for breeding in early-successional forest, then this species only breeds successfully in early-successional forest that is embedded in continuous forest patches (> 50 ha). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 This column indicates whether the species is considered an interior forest specialist during breeding season. “High”, “Med”, and “Low” refer to the confidence on whether the bird is considered an interior forest specialist. “High” means more that 66% of the reviewed studies indicated that a species was an interior forest specialist, “Med” means between 66% and 33% of studies indicated that a species was an interior forest specialist, and “Low” means that less than 33% of studies indicated that a species was an interior forest specialist. “No” means that the species is not an interior forest specialist because three or greater studies consistently found no area sensitivity; thus, it is likely to breed in small forest fragments. A lack of any of these classifications indicates that fewer than three studies were found for this species in Breeding Review, and thus could not be assigned one way or the other as an interior-forest species. Further, a “—“ in this column represents that the species was not observed in any of the Breeding Review studies. Numbers in parentheses represent the number of studies that determined a species to be an interior forest specialist. Numbers in parentheses represent how many studies noted the species to be an interior-forest specialist out of the total number of studies that observed said species. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8 “Breeding-Migration” represents the transitional period between breeding and migration seasons (either spring transitioning to summer or summer transitioning to fall). Some studies in our review did not clearly define when bird observations were recorded and counted species sightings from these studies in this column. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9 We reviewed four studies that identified Synanthropic birds—species that have adapted to living in urban areas. “High”, “Med”, and “Low” refer to the confidence on whether the bird is considered synanthropic. “High” means more that 66% of at least three reviewed studies indicated that a species was synanthropic, “Med” means between 66% and 33% of studies indicated that a species was synanthropic, and “Low” means that less than 33% of studies indicated that a species was synanthropic. “No” means that the species is not synanthropic because three or more studies found that the species did not display synanthropic behavior and is unlikely to breed in within urban areas. Numbers in parentheses represent the number of studies that determined a species to be an synanthropic out of the total number of studies that observed said species. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10 Marks in these four columns are an indication of using the habitat based on looking across the three reviews. For ease of interpretation, we created four “overall” columns at the end of the bird list. These were “Breeds in Forest Fragment”; “Stopover in Forest Fragment”; “Breeds in Residential Area”; and “Stopover in Residential Area.” For a given species, a checkmark (ü) indicates likelihood of occurrence in each columnar habitat category, an (X) indicates that it does not occur in this habitat category, a (?) indicates that a species may occur in this habitat category but results were not convincing enough to assign a (ü) or (X), and a blank indicates no information available. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First, for species only found in the Breeding Review, if they had three or more studies and were given a High/Med confidence level as an interior-forest specialist, then is it was assigned an (X) in the Breeds in Forest Fragment and Breeds in Residential Area categories; it does not breed in forest fragments in rural and urban areas. Low confidence or a total of two or fewer papers in the Breeding Review, we assigned a (?) to indicate that this species may or may not breed in forest fragments in urban and rural areas. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For species found only in the Stopover Review, if a migrant had three or more studies, then we assigned (ü) under the Stopover in Forest Fragment category. If a migrant had fewer than three studies in the Stopover Review, then we assigned (?) under the Stopover in Forest Fragment category. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For migrants found in both the Stopover Review and Built Environment Review, if Stopover Review studies combined with two or fewer Built Environment Review studies (stopover, breeding, and breeding-stopover studies), which brought the total to three or greater, then we assigned a (ü) for Stopover in Forest Fragment and a (?) for Stopover in Residential Area categories. The rationale here is that migrants seen in two or fewer Built Environment studies receive a (?) for Stopover in Residential Area because that is not enough studies to confidently assign them as using residential areas as stopover sites | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For species found in the Breeding Review, Built Environment Review, and Synanthropy Analysis, we compared results to determine what to assign in each habitat category. If a species was a High/Medium confidence interior-forest specialist, but it was observed in three or more studies in the Built Environments Review during the breeding season and was shown to have at least one synanthropic study, we assigned a (ü) for this species as Breeding in Forest Fragment and Breeding in Residential Area. If a migrant, we also assigned a (ü) for Stopover in Forest Fragments and Stopover in Residential Area because if it breeds in residential areas we assumed it would use urban forest fragments and trees in residential areas as stopover sites. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For species found in Breeding Review, Built Environment Review, but not in the Synanthropy Analysis, a High/Medium/Low or unassigned confidence level for interior-forest specialist that was a year-round resident and/or a SD migrant, and it occurred in three or more Built Environment breeding studies, we assigned a (ü) as Breeding in Forest Fragment and Breeding in Residential Area. Because they were not migratory, we were confident that the residential studies actually reflected breeding individuals. If a High/Medium or unassigned confidence level for interior-forest specialist was a long-distance and/or medium-distance migrant species (even if a portion of the population is considered year-round) and occurred in three or more Built Environment breeding surveys, we were conservative and assumed these individuals were passing through cities. We assigned a (ü) for them under Stopover in Residential Area and Stopover in Forest Fragments. However, if a migrant species was determined to be a Low confidence interior-forest specialist and occurred in three or more Built Environment Review breeding studies, we assigned a (ü) for the Breeds in Residential Area and Breeds in Forest Fragment categories because the combination indicates that they may also breed in residential areas. In turn, because they breed in residential areas then they would also tolerate fragmented forests. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For species that occurred only in the Built Environment Review and had three or more total studies (combined stopover, breeding, and breeding-stopover studies), we interpreted the likelihood of this species breeding in residential areas in the following way. If they were observed within the built environment during the breeding season and were shown to have at least one synanthropic study, then we assigned a (ü) for Breeding in Forest Fragment and Breeding in Residential Area. If a migrant, we also assigned a (ü) for Stopover in Forest Fragments and Stopover in Residential Area because if they breed in residential areas they would use forest fragments and residential areas as stopover sites. If species were only observed in the breeding season surveys (not in stopover and breeding-stopover studies), we assigned a (ü) only for year-round residents and SD migrants under Breeds in Forest Fragment and Breeds in Residential categories. All long-distance and medium-distance migrants were considered to be individuals that were passing through and were most likely using the areas as a stopover site. Here, we assigned a (ü) for these species for Stopover in Forest Fragment and Stopover in Residential Area categories. Additionally, for long-distance and medium-distance migrants that had three or more combined stopover, breeding, and breeding-stopover studies under the Built Environment Review, we assigned a (ü) for these species for Stopover in Forest Fragment and Stopover in Residential Area categories. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For species that occurred only in the Built Environment Review and had fewer than three total studies, we interpreted the likelihood of this species breeding in residential areas in the following way. For year-round resident species and/or SD migrants, we assigned a (?) in the corresponding Breeds in Forest Fragment and Breeds in Residential categories. All long-distance and medium-distance migrants were assumed to be passing through and may be using residential areas as stopover sites. We assigned a (?) for these species for Stopover in Forest Fragment and Stopover in Residential Area categories. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| · An asterisk (*) indicates for that habitat category, we assigned an (X) or (ü) based on information obtained from other habitat categories. For example, if a species was shown through empirical evidence to have interior-forest staus, then we could assume that it would not breed in highliy fragmented residential areas. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||